Every attack has a power: 1 for the Kokiri Sword, up to 4 for the Great Fairy's Sword and the Fierce Deity's Mask. Every enemy has a table with a multiplier for each kind of attack, from 0 through a quarter, a half, and 1 up to 4. A hit does the power times the multiplier, rounded down, and a hit under 1 does no damage. A jump attack doubles the power. The enemy is defeated when its health runs out, so the hits to defeat are its health divided by the damage, rounded up. Where an enemy has more than one health value, each one is listed.
The spin attack, the sword beam, and the other Goron and Deku moves are not in the calculator yet. 101Leafy researched the game for these numbers.